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' Patented M. 13, 1345 MINERAL WAX MPOSETIGN No Drawing. Originalapplication March 9, 194b, Serial No. 323,123, new Patent No. 2,331,469,dated October 12, 1943. Divided and this ap plication July 23, 1942,Serial No. 452,056

Claims.

This invention is directed to color stabilization of paramn waxes and isa division of our prior filed application Serial No. 323,123, filedMarch, 9, 1940, now Patent No. 2,331,469, granted October 12, 1943.

Refined paraflin waxes in general require quite meticulous refiningtreatment to produce a wax which is stable against the formation ofcolor bodies resulting in a yellowing of the wax over long periods ofexposure of the wax to normal atmospheric and light conditions. Thisbecomes particularly acute and is a controlling factor in the salabilityof the wax when the wax is utilized as a covering for, as acoating for,or otherwise in connection with food products; Since the formation ofadverse color in the wax detracts materially from the appearance of theproduct with which it is associated, the color stability of the waxbecomes a matter of very considerable importance over and beyond thevalue of the wax itself.

Numerous attempts have been made to increase the color stability ofwaxes by highly rigorous methods of refining, as, for example, treatmentwith sulfuric acids under extreme conditions.

This invention is directed to the stabilization of wax against theformation of deleterious color after long exposure to normal atmosphericand light conditions under prolonged periods of time and has for itsobject the provision of a wax so stabilized by the addition thereto ofcertain ingredients not heretofore used for such purposes.

This invention is based upon the discovery that refined paraffin wax maybe stabilized against the formation of deleterious color under theconditions indicated by the addition thereto of small amounts ofcompounds of alkyl amines and oxygen containing acids such as fattyacids and the oxy acids of phosphorus.

There may be used, for example, such compounds of amines and fatty acidsas triamylamine stearate, tributylamine stearate, dimethyl cetylaminestearate, diamylamine stearate, dibutylamine stearate, monobutylaminestearate and other members.

There may also be used amides of the oxygen acid of phosphorus such asfor example, phosphorus tris dibutylamlde.

To exemplify the color stabilizing efiect of these various compositions,there are cited below results obtained in two tests. In each of thesetests blocks of 126. F. A. S. T. M. melting point scale wax having thedimensions 6 in. x 1% in. 2 V2 in. with and without added inhibitorswere exposed called upon to withstand full sunlight exposure. In thefirst series of tests setlorth in Table I, the duration of the exposurewas 28 days. In the second series of tests, set forth in Table II, theduration of the exposure'was 53 days.

TKBLE I 6" :c'l a: blocks of 126 F. A. S. T. M. melting point scale war,with and without added inhibitors-exposed on roof for 28 days Cone,

Material Color after samples added per cent test Light yellow. Nochange.

None Triamylamlne stearato.

Blank Samples lighter in color than blank after 28 days exposure onroof.

TABLE II 6" a; 1 :0 /2" blocks of 126 F. A. S. T. M. melting point scalewas, with and without added inhibitors-Exposed on roof for 53 does00110. Material added can't Samples gg g Blank Yellow.

None Triamylamlne stearate..

o -l 'lributylamlne stearate Dimetbyl cetylamlne stearate. Diamylaminestearate... Dibutylamine stearate. Monobutylamine stearate. Phosphorousiris dibutyl amide.

Samples lighter in color than blank after 53 days exposure on roof.

No change.

change, this means that the color of the in= hibited test block afterthe indicated exposure was exactly the same as the color of a fresh andunexposed block. Since no quantitative standards are in common use forexpressing the color of wax, the data must necessarily be presented inthe above form.

It is evident from the above tests that the inhibitors with which thisinvention is concerned are capable of efiecting important changes in;

the liability of a commercial paramn wax to the upon. the roof' of abuilding where they were 55 formation of deleterious color.

The amounts in which these various lnhibitive agents may be used willvary principally with thecapability of the inhibitive agent and with thetype of exposure to which it' is believed the product may be subjected,in general, howeve the range of concentrations to be used will be from0.01 to 5.0 weight percent with the preferred concentration being atabout 1% by weight of the additive agent.

We claim:

1. A white refined paraihn wax product inhibited against the formationtherein of deleterious color upon prolonged exposure to light by theaddition thereto or a small amount, sufllcient to so inhibit saidwax, ofa salt of a fatty acid and an alkyl amine.

2. A white refined paraffin wax product inhibited against the formationtherein 0! deleterious color upon prolonged exposure to light by theaddition thereto 01 a small amount, sufficient 2 to so inhibit said wax,of phosphorus tris dlbutyl-' to so inhibit said wax orn salt of astearic acid amide. and an alkyl amine, said amine. containing only LYLEA. HAMILTON. the elements carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. ROBERT C.MORAN.

3. A white refined paraffin wax product in- V ALBERT R.CAT1ELL. 25

hibited against the .iormationtherein or deleterious color uponprolonged exposure to light by the additionthereto of a small amount,sufliclent to so inhibit said wax, of an alkyl amide of an oxygen acidof phosphorus, said amine containing only the elements carbon, hydrogenand nitrogen. a

4. A white refined parafiln wax product inhibited against the formationtherein 0! deleterious color upon prolonged exposure to lightrby theaddition thereto of a small amount, suflicient to so inhibit said wax,of a material selected from the group consisting oftriamylamine-stearate, tributylamine stearate, dimethyl cetylaminestearate, diamylamine stearate, dibutylamine stearate, monobutylaminestearate.

5. A white refined palrafiln wax product inhibited against the formationtherein of deleterious color upon prolonged exposure to light by theaddition thereto or a small amount, sufficient Certificate of CorrectionPatent No. 2,371,289.

numbered patent requiring correction as March 13, 1945.

LYLE A. HAMILTON ET AL;

b tified that error a ears inthe printed specification of It 18 here yGer 0 pp follows: Page 1, second column, lines 27 to I the above 35inclusive, for that portion of Table II reading No change. read No.change.

No change.

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may coniormto the record of the case in the PatentOffice.

' Signed and sealed this 3rd day of July, 1945.

[smart] LESLIE FRAZER,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

